In wood framing, what are the vertical members that support the structure called?

In wood framing, the vertical members that provide structural support to the walls and ultimately the overall building are known as studs. These studs are typically placed at regular intervals to form a framework to which other building materials, such as wall sheathing and drywall, are attached. Their primary function is to bear the loads placed on the walls, ensuring the stability and integrity of the structure.

Joists, on the other hand, are horizontal members that support floors and ceilings. Beams are larger structural elements that carry loads over greater spans and are often used in conjunction with joists. Panels refer to flat sections of material used in construction, such as plywood or OSB, which can be used for surface covering but do not provide the vertical support function that studs do. Understanding the distinct roles of these components is critical for interpreting structural plans and ensuring proper building practices.