What body primarily enforces environmental regulations at the federal level?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is primarily responsible for enforcing environmental regulations at the federal level. Established in 1970, the EPA's mission is to protect human health and the environment by enforcing laws designed to ensure clean air, water, and land. The agency develops regulations, implements environmental laws passed by Congress, and monitors compliance, making it the central authority for all matters related to environmental protection.

In contrast, other options focus on different areas: the Department of Housing and Urban Development primarily deals with housing and urban development issues; the Federal Trade Commission regulates unfair business practices and protects consumer rights; and the Army Corps of Engineers often handles issues related to civil engineering projects, including infrastructure and waterways, but does not specifically enforce environmental regulations. Thus, the EPA stands out as the dedicated agency focused on environmental oversight and enforcement.