What distinguishes a joint tenancy from a tenancy in common?

A joint tenancy is distinguished from a tenancy in common by the presence of a right of survivorship, which is a key characteristic of joint tenancy. This right means that when one joint tenant passes away, their share of the property automatically transfers to the surviving joint tenant(s), rather than being passed down to heirs or through the probate process. This aspect promotes the idea of unity among the owners, as it ensures that ownership remains with the living participants in the joint tenancy.

In contrast, tenancy in common allows for ownership shares to be divided in any proportion and does not include the right of survivorship. Each owner can transfer their share independently, and upon their death, their share is inherited by heirs, further distinguishing the two ownership formats. Overall, the right of survivorship is the defining feature that sets joint tenancy apart.