What does eminent domain allow the government to do?

Eminent domain is a legal principle that grants the government the right to take private property for public use, provided that just compensation is given to the property owner. The process is often invoked for infrastructure projects, public facilities, or other developments that serve the public interest.

Option B accurately reflects the essence of eminent domain; it allows the government to take property from an unwilling property owner. This means that when the government requires land for a project, it can do so even if the owner does not wish to sell or does not agree to the sale terms. However, the property owner is entitled to compensation that is typically based on the fair market value of the property.

The other options do not correctly describe the nature of eminent domain. Taking property from a willing seller is not eminent domain, as that pertains to voluntary transactions where both parties agree. Controlling property without compensation contradicts the requirement for just compensation that is integral to the use of eminent domain. Finally, while the government can regulate property use (for example, through zoning laws), this regulation does not constitute eminent domain, as it does not involve taking the property itself.