What type of document may be recorded to establish a lien on real property?

A mortgage or deed of trust is the correct document that can be recorded to establish a lien on real property.

When a borrower takes out a loan to purchase a property, they typically sign a mortgage or deed of trust. This financial instrument secures the loan by creating a lien against the property, meaning that if the borrower fails to repay the loan, the lender has the right to foreclose on the property. This means the lender can take possession of the property to recover the money owed. Recording the mortgage or deed of trust in the public records is essential because it gives notice to other potential creditors or buyers of the lender's interest in the property, thus legally establishing the lien.

In contrast, a title deed serves to transfer ownership of the property rather than establishing a lien. A lease agreement is a contract between a landlord and a tenant regarding the rental of property, which does not create a lien. A property disclosure statement provides information about the condition of the property and is typically used during a real estate transaction but does not pertain to the establishment of a lien. Thus, the mortgage or deed of trust is specifically meant to create a lien and protect the lender's investment in the property.