Which of the following is included in the definition of "real estate"?

The definition of "real estate" encompasses a broad range of physical items associated with land. It includes land itself and any permanent structures or improvements made on that land. This definition typically covers both the tangible aspects, such as buildings and structures, as well as the various inherent features of the land.

Fences and roads on a parcel of land are often considered improvements or fixtures that add value and utility to the property. Since they are permanently attached to the land, they become part of the real estate. This understanding aligns well with property law, where such enhancements are treated as integral to the property and are considered part of the real estate ownership.

While buildings, natural resources, and water bodies are also significant components of real estate, the inclusion of fences and roads emphasizes the improvement aspect of real estate, highlighting how they contribute to the overall value and usability of the property.