Which of the following is considered to be real property?

Real property refers to land and anything permanently affixed to it, which includes buildings, structures, and improvements that cannot be easily removed without affecting their integrity. Permanent fixtures are objects that were once personal property but have been attached to the land or a structure in such a way that they are now considered part of the real estate. Examples include built-in appliances, light fixtures, and plumbing. These fixtures enhance the value of the property and are typically included in real estate transactions, distinguishing them from personal property, which can be easily moved or removed. This understanding is critical in real estate law and transactions, as it influences ownership rights, property appraisal, and tax considerations.